Buddha knows his karmic have to die, the more compassion want to create blessings for Chunda so he decided to use the meals offered by Chunda

Anyone interested in history will want to know about the Buddha his final meal by Mr Chunda (Cunda) offerings, including sukara-maddava dishes as the cause of his death.

According to the Centre, on the way toward Kusinara (Kushinagar), the Buddha and the Sangha is at rest in the garden of his home mango Chunda Pava village. Chunda or instant message to the right place and bowed Bhagavan heard him preach. After hearing the legal, Chunda Development Center offerings masters and Sangha lunch the next day at home. Blessed silence accepted.

Early the next morning Chunda prepared dishes " hard type, kind and soft-maddava sukara things "to make offerings at midday looking. ( Thich Minh Chau translated  sukara-maddava  is a wood ear)

In midday meal boyfriend that day, after police seating position, the Buddha told Chunda  " Bring ear fungus dishes were prepared for me, and the other dishes please clean them monks . "   Wait for Chunda finished cleaning the dishes, the Buddha said Chunda buried dish mushroom was left, because he knew that no one could " digest "to eat this mushroom was.

After dinner, the last meal, Buddha seriously infected and he decided to go on the road to Kushinagar, about 15 kilometers.

Beijing Mahaparinirvana in Digha Nikaya of the Pali Tripitaka with translations of Thich Minh Chau, which we reference resources on the most reliable of the last meal of the Buddha (at about 483 BCE). In Vietnam service, the Venerable use the word  sukara-maddava  once and translate this word as " dish mushroom was "six times throughout texts.  [01] Along with the Digha Nikaya is Pali Sanskrit Digha Nikaya , Thich Thien Sieu translated "sheep-herd mushroom (sheep-herd-Turkish)" and notes that " Lamb-momentum here should understand is precious. This feed is under sukara-maddavam Pali, means a fungus or vegetables that prefer pigs ". [02]

Actually " sukara-maddava "is a term that has caused a long debate among scholars of Buddhism, so in some English translations for the terms are the same. Sukara-maddava be classified in two words: "sukara" and "maddava". According to multiple  Pali scholar  , the noun sukara translated as "pig / boar" that adjective maddava translated as "popular, soft, gentle". However, in the article in English, " How did the Buddha die ? "Dr. Binh Anson, a scholar / practitioner of Buddhism Nam Communications today said:  

" terminology  sukara  -maddava means (1) software pig or boar, (2) a type that pigs / boar love to eat, is a kind of fungus (mushroom) and truffle mushrooms, sweet potatoes or tuber (LND:  truffle is a fungal fruiting body, arising from fully grown tuber below ground).  In some other commentary,  sukara  - maddava also referred to as a  kind of  " medicinal plants "  (herbs)  in medicine  ancient  India  India, or "shoots  premature been  trampled  by  the pigs . "

All monk scholars  date  this  all  agree with  the meaning of  " mushroom or mushroom  truffle ", and I  concur  with them. According to the rules  of  the monastery , the monks are not allowed to eat meat from animals killed to make special food for them. Meaning of  sukara  - maddava as "pork /  beef  boar  "  not  appropriate  here . "

(" sukara  -maddava unfortunately mean: (1) the tender parts of a pig or boar, (2) what is enjoyed by pigs or boars, mà lẽ to a mushroom or truffle Referred, or a yam or tuber. In some other Commentaries, sukara-maddava was cũng Mentioned as a "medicinal plant" in classic Indian medicine, or as "young bamboo shoots trampled by pigs".

All the current scholar Monks agree with The Meaning of "mushroom or truffle", and I concur with added. Theo monastic rules, the Monks are not allowed to eat meat from animals to make food for specifically Killed added. The Meaning of sukara-maddava as "pork / boar meat" not the appropriate thì here. " )  [03]  

Also, in the preface to the German translation Business Centre, Karl Eugen Neumann, one of the earliest Buddhist scholars of Germany had quoted from a compendium of medicinal plants India there are a few trees sukara medications beginning with the letter and he concluded sukara -maddava means a delicious dish of pork, a fungus truffles. [04]

In Pali translations into English, Rhys Davids scholars also translated sukara -maddava terminology as "truffles" [05]. 

Another scholar Arthur Waley in a thesis written in 1932 ((" Did Buddha die of eating pork ? ") explained sukara -maddava at least four meanings: (1) soft foods of pork ( pig's soft -food ), (2) a favorite food of pigs (pig's-delight) , (3) food, trampled by swine  ( pig-pounded)  and he listed some plants starting with the word "pig" as sukara -kanda (pig-bulb), sukara -paadika (pig's feet), sukaresh.ta (sought-out by pigs). And after analyzing the text and meaning, he said that  does not mean sukara -maddava pork which is a type of food that favorite pig, a mushroom truffles.  Moreover, plants Waley pointed out this is because local people Magadha (Maghada) ie Bihar (North India) today set out that the West and South India, where Buddhism Pali completely unaware sukara -maddava should have misunderstood the dish made ​​of pork. [06].  

It should be said that (1) Why do not clean the Buddha commanded Chunda to other monks and mushroom dish leftovers to bury part of this dish. Did Buddha know mushroom dish was poisoned last predestined to Buddhist Nirvana should not give other monks eat? So probably this is the  dish mushroom was  like Abbot Minh Chau translated or mushroom dishes  as the majority of Buddhist scholars today agree, because this fungus, a fungus that grows underground only can poisoned and only discovered the boar only. (2) Another thing is the need to know more Pava, his residence was Chunda missionary center of the Jains of Buddha in the world, a radical religious policy of pure vegetarian, and ban prohibits killing drink. [07]

In short, the majority of Buddhist scholars agree with -maddava sukara meaning "a truffle fungus", and not the pork or boar meat because the monks are not allowed to eat meat from work Special characters are killed to feed them. This is understandable because Chunda was a lay Buddhists have taken refuge in the Buddha, the Buddha knows the law, knows the Buddha are very sensitive to the suffering of beings, even if he does not use the milk of cows in ten the first day when the calf was born; so he can not do it kill pig meat offerings Buddha.

Buddha knows his karmic have to die, the more compassion want to create blessings for Chunda so he decided to use the meals offered by Chunda, though not at that meal Nirvana's date Blessed are You decide from three months ago [08]. To dispel doubts and regrets conviction lay in the palm of Chunda, thinking that the food they offer to make Buddha Nirvana. Buddha told Ananda come Chunda spiritual reassurance.  END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGTHMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=THE EIGTHFOLD PATH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.3/6/2015.